In 1874, senior Qing dynasty official Li Hongzhang warned of a “great transformation not seen in a thousand years,” referring to the disparity between...
In the same way that debates on international trade are being reopened today, the fragility of certain consensuses that we took for granted is becoming evident.
Since his return to the presidency, Trump has pushed for extreme economic nationalism, transactional diplomacy and an aggressive posture toward governments opposed to Washington's interests, including South Africa.
While the old order is dying, the central question of concern in international relations today is the nature of the type of order to come. It is clear that there is no “end of history”, nor is it written that it will be marked by the “clash of civilizations”.
The region must unite to avoid falling into the colonial logic, shared by both the U.S. and China, which positions it as a mere supplier of raw materials.
