The reconfiguration of global trade is pushing both regions toward divergent external alliances that deepen their dependence and weaken regional cohesion.
Africa and Latin America are moving toward a strategic alliance that, despite its currently weak connectivity, could transform global trade from the Global South.
In its decisive stage, the agreement between Mercosur and the EU is emerging as a historic opportunity to enhance competitiveness, modernize institutions, and reposition the South American bloc geopolitically.
The success of powers such as China and the United States, driven by state intervention, highlights the fallacy of neoliberal free market dogma and underscores the need to adopt pragmatic policies free from rigid ideologies.
