The year 2025 left democracies alive but exhausted and a reconfigured political map. Amid fears and emergencies, the majority chose security. Are we facing a drift toward a punitive order?
In a 2025 marked by punitive polls, fragmented systems, and democracies under pressure, Latin America confirmed that voting remains an instrument of change, but no longer a guarantee of stability or democratic strengthening.
The Latin American left, triumphant at the ballot box thanks to its discourse of social justice, now faces a rapid decline due to its inability to translate its symbols into results in government.
The history of decentralization in Latin America reveals a persistent struggle between the territories' desire for autonomy and the centralizing instinct of the states.
