The refusal of defeated candidates to recognize legitimate electoral results undermines the authority of newly elected presidents, exacerbates polarization, and can trigger serious institutional crises and post-election violence.

Democracy faces growing pressures from polarization, insecurity, and citizen disillusionment, reigniting the debate over the roles of the State and citizenship in strengthening democratic governance.

Technology has become the perfect scapegoat for fueling electoral fraud narratives that erode democratic trust without the need for evidence.

The unprecedented contest between political extremes is testing Colombia’s democratic stability amid a context of growing polarization.

In a Latin America marked by disenchantment, anger, fear, and rejection have become key forces for mobilizing voters, albeit at the cost of weaker governments and unstable public support.

Peru is not a structurally polarized country, but rather a fragmented and volatile democracy where veto players abound and projects capable of structuring political competition are lacking.