Discrepancies in official deportation figures cast doubt on widely publicized records and suggest that thousands of cases are missing from public statistics.
Without reconciliation between the Venezuela within and the Venezuela abroad, social fragmentation will continue to limit any attempt at sustainable national reconstruction.
While remittances break records and ease the economies of many countries in the region, millions of Latin American households are being reshaped around an absence that leaves social, educational, and emotional marks.
The exaltation of a selective Latinidad, celebrated as cultural inclusion, conceals internal hierarchies and deep inequalities in the migratory treatment of different Latin American communities.