The rise of authoritarianism in the world cannot be viewed as a homogeneous phenomenon. The detailed study of cases allows for an objective and concrete delineation of the reality we are observing.

The lack of a sense of reality and doctrinal obstinacy not only affect politicians but society as a whole and, ultimately, the quality of democracy.

Alberto Fujimori was sentenced to 25 years in prison. It was the first time in Latin American history that a former president was tried and sentenced in his own country for crimes against humanity, violating international criminal law.

In Latin America, seven presidents have guerrilla backgrounds. Those who have opted for gradual changes were more successful, while those who chose rupturist projects failed.

Several governments have used the human rights argument to open the door to indefinite reelection. But these are mainly personalistic and authoritarian leaders where the checks and balances of the democratic system have been captured or eroded.

The Donald Trump administration's maximum pressure tactic against Nicolás Maduro resulted in a marked weakening of the Venezuelan opposition, slowing down citizen mobilization and aggravating the ideological divisions and strategic disagreements previously present in this sector.