Doctor en Historia y Estudios Regionales, Universidad Veracruzana (México). Máster en Ciencia Política, Universidad de la Habana. Especializado en procesos y regímenes autocráticos en América Latina y Rusia.
Twenty-first century democracies cannot ignore the lessons of Cold War disinformation campaigns, reformulated by their autocratic enemies in the current digital age.
From an ideological and normative point of view, the Global South does not naturally identify the diversity of nations of the formerly called Third World.
