Professor at the Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. D. in Political Science and Sociology from Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Member of the National System of Researchers of Mexico.
The reforms that have reshaped the balance of power in Mexico, weakened institutional checks and balances, and transformed the foundations of its democracy.
The Fourth Transformation came to power through the ballot box, but its consolidation has sparked a debate over the concentration of power and the weakening of institutional checks and balances.
Venezuela and Cuba are experimenting with a limited economic opening to preserve political control, following the model of China and Vietnam without opening the door to democratic freedoms.
The extradition request for Mexican officials over alleged ties to drug trafficking pits national sovereignty against international cooperation in the fight against transnational crime.
Amid anemic economic growth, rising debt, and mounting internal and external pressures, Mexico faces in 2026 the challenge of governing scarcity without eroding its fragile political and institutional balance.
The protests by producers and transporters highlight a structural crisis in the Mexican countryside, marked by insecurity, food dependency, and the absence of a long-term agricultural policy.